Douglas A-20 Boston / Havoc Bomber Article & Plans
November 1970 American Aircraft Modeler

November 1970 American Aircraft Modeler Table of Contents These pages from vintage modeling magazines like Flying Aces, Air Trails, American Modeler, American Aircraft Modeler, Young Men, Flying Models, Model Airplane News, R/C Modeler, captured the era. All copyrights acknowledged.

Here are plans for the Douglas A-20 Boston / Havoc Bomber that I electronically scanned from my purchased copy of the November 1970 American Aircraft Modeler magazine. Because they span two or more pages, you will need to adjust the size and alignment a bit to get halves to line up properly. You might be able to scale up the images below is plans can no longer be purchased. Plans for this fine model were drawn by Mr. Björn Karlström. All copyrights (if any) are hereby acknowledged.

The AMA Plans Service offers a full-size version of plans at a very reasonable cost. They will scale the plans any size for you.  Try out my Scale Calculator for Model Airplane Plans.

Douglas A-20 saw widespread service in many roles throughout World War II

 DON BERLINER

 Photos by Howard Levy

An RAF Boston III in Egypt in 1943. Photo fortunately reveals the twin swivel-mounted guns in rear cockpit, gun pod on side of nose.

MORE THAN SEVEN THOUSAND were built, yet it doesn't stand out as one of the major types in the history of military aviation. Produced as both a bomber and a fighter, it entered service before Pearl Harbor and remained operational to the end of the Second World War. Yet few, aside from those who flew the Douglas A-20 or one of its many variations, remember the type as anything more than a familiar light twin that did many jobs well, but never did anything really spectacular.

Perhaps because of its origins the Havoc or Boston, or whatever you want to call it, is something of an under-appreciated airplane. It began as the Douglas Model 7 A, a company project intended to be the U.S. Army Air Corps' first twin-engined attack bomber. The original 7 A never was completed, but the 7B flew for the first time late in 1938, at more than 300 mph---quite a speed for bombers in those days. It was not only fast, but it also was unusually well-armed, with eight .30-cal. machine guns in the B version and an additional four in the solid nose of the A version.

While the airplane looked highly promising to the USAAC, the first orders came from the French who contracted for 380, highly modified in light of what had been learned in the Spanish Civil War. Known as the DB-7, fewer than half of those ordered were delivered to France before that country fell to the Germans, and hardly any of those planes got into action. By a variety of routes, a large number of them came to the Royal Air Force, where they were pressed into service as trainers, bombers and fighters, including some of the first radar-equipped night fighters.

Because of the desperate need for night fighters to hold off the German He-Ills, Ju-88s and Do-217s, the British tried some novel ideas, including trailing a bomb on a 2000-foot cable behind the Pandora version of the Havoc I, in hopes of dragging it into low-flying- bombers. A more practical idea was the Turbinlite, a monster searchlight grafted onto the nose of a Havoc or Boston, in place of the far more graceful solid or clear nose. The intention was to' light up enemy aircraft so that they could then be shot down by single-engined fighters. Before the system was fully developed-if, indeed, it ever could have been-airborne intercept radar came into being and the bulky light was replaced by strange collections of antennas.

All the while the British were enthusiastically using the trim Douglas fighter/bomber, the U.S. was moving ahead with its plans. The first A-20A's were ordered in July 1939, and deliveries commenced in 1940. By 1941, as the war in Europe gained intensity and U.S. entry neared, orders for the machine poured in from not only the USAAF and the RAF, but also from European governments-in-exile who were fighting from British bases.

As the airplane saw more action, it was continually modified. Armament was increased, as was the bomb load. To handle the rapidly increasing weight, the original Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp engines of some 1100 hp. were replaced by Wright R-2600 Cyclones of 1600 hp. Early problems with directional stability were corrected by enlarging the vertical tail, thus changing its original highly tapered form to the more familiar squared-off shape.

By 1942, substantial numbers of A-20's were being sent to the USSR, some of them for the Soviet Navy's use as torpedo bombers. In all, nearly 3000 went to the airplane-hungry Russians. Most of these planes were A-20G's with heavy batteries of guns in the nose, which made them highly effective against tanks and other hefty ground targets.

The RAF's successful use of modified bombers for night-fighting purposes did not escape the notice of the USAAF, and about 270 A-20's were converted into what was then the Army's heaviest fighter plane, the P-70. The first of these carried four 20-mm cannon in a special package under the fuselage. The P-70 was used primarily to train pilots who eventually were assigned to the North- (the rest will be scanned on request)

<click for larger version>

Douglas A-20 Boston / Havoc Bomber Article & Plans

Douglas A-20 Boston / Havoc Bomber Article & Plans

<click for larger version>

Notice:

The AMA Plans Service offers a full-size version of many of the plans show here at a very reasonable cost. They will scale the plans any size for you. It is always best to buy printed plans because my scanner versions often have distortions that can cause parts to fit poorly. Purchasing plans also help to support the operation of the Academy of Model Aeronautics - the #1 advocate for model aviation throughout the world. If the AMA no longer has this plan on file, I will be glad to send you my higher resolution version.

Try my Scale Calculator for Model Airplane Plans.